Some may be of more benefit to those at higher risk of falling.

"Programmes that contain a combination of these components reduce falls. Exercise may help to prevent falls by improving strength, flexibility, balance, and endurance. "What remains less clear is whether some other interventions really do reduce falls. Exercise programmes are an effective option for preventing falls among older people living in the community. Although few falls result in serious injuries, they may have many additional impacts on an older person's quality of life. There is less evidence at present for the effectiveness of other interventions, such as home safety improvements and vitamin D supplements, according to Cochrane Researchers who carried out a systematic review of the available evidence. It is therefore important to consider how falls can be prevented in order to provide peace of mind for those at risk, as well as family members.

For example, after a fall, they may feel less confident and decide to restrict their own activities to avoid further accidents.

These include exercising in supervised groups, participating in Tai Chi, and carrying out individually prescribed exercise programmes at home," says lead researcher Frasier Gillespie, who is based at Dunedin School of Medicine at the University of Otago in New Zealand.